Passenger safe wagon

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this plan is to reduce the damages in intercity train crash cases to the passengers. In the next phase, if the train catches fire with the increase in the incident time of smoke and fire entering to the train, the passenger is required to react appropriately. The coupe and the corridor are designed to prevent the fuel, fire, heat and wear from penetrating into the coupe so passengers can have plenty of time to get out of the train. In addition to sound proof its walls are heat and fire proof.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

Not Applicable

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not Applicable

REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING, A TABLE, OR A COMPUTER PROGRAM LISTINGCOMPACT DISC APPENDIX

Not Applicable

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION U.S. Patent Classification

244/118.6; 105/316; 105/321; 5/9.1

Bus and train transportation are regarded as one of the safest modes ofpublic transportation. The manufacturers and operators of buses havegone to great lengths to establish and maintain this safety record.However, a fire resulting from a collision or failure of a componentputs lives at risk and can have an enormous impact on operational costsas well as customer confidence.

Improving passenger and driver safety is always on the agenda. Part ofthe safety issues is fire safety which is a continuous process. Thereare always things to be learnt from experience and actual fireincidences and important learning tools at the disposal of stakeholderswhich can provide critical input into best practices for design,operation and human interaction. Fire safety in buses has been the focusof significant research in recent years but much improvement stillremains, in particular related to fire prevention and safe egress. Thesharing of information and best practices can benefit all parties butmost importantly, the passenger safety.

I. Ceramic Fiber

Ceramic Fiber is produced from high purity aluminosilicate materialthrough strictly controlled high temperature furnace melting andfiberizing process. The fiber is white and odorless, suitable for hightemperature applications up to 2300° F. (1260° C.). Ceramic Fiberproducts include cloth, tape, rope, braid, tubing, paper, blanket, etc.Types of ceramics are:

Kaowool Blanket

Kaowool blanket is produced from kaolin, a naturally occurringalumina-silica fire clay. Kaowool, the world's most recognizable name inceramic fiber blanket, is available in a wide variety of densities andsizes. Kaowool blanket offers excellent handle ability and hightemperature stability. This allows it to meet a wide range of hot faceand backup insulation applications in furnaces, kilns and otherequipment requiring high temperature heat containment.

Kaowool RT Blanket

Kaowool RT Blanket is produced from a blend of high quality alumina,silica and kaolin using the spinning process. It is available in a widevariety of densities and sizes, and offers a highly cost effectivealternative to Cerablanket with its 2300° F. (1260° C.) maximumtemperature rating.

Cerablanket

Cerablanket is produced from exceptionally pure oxides of alumina andsilica using the spinning process. The resultant quality spun fibershave been optimized for high handling strength, with on average thehighest tensile strength of any Thermal Ceramics ceramic fiber blanket.Cerablanket is available in a wide variety of densities and sizes.Cerablanket offers excellent handle ability and high temperaturestability which allows it to meet a wide range of hot face and back upinsulation applications in furnaces, kilns and other equipment requiringhigh temperature heat containment.

Cerachem Blanket

Cerachem Blanket is a 2600° F. (1427° C.) maximum temperature ratedrefractory blanket formed from a unique, patented, spunalumina-silica-zirconia fiber. It is specially designed for applicationswhere high fiber tensile strength, low thermal conductivity and lowshrinkage are required. Cerachem Blanket is used extensively in hightemperature units in the ceramic, chemical processing, and ferrous metalindustries. Thermal Ceramics Cerachem refractory blankets are ideal fora wide range of hot face lining and backup insulation applications infurnaces, kilns and other high temperature equipment.

Cerachrome Blanket

Made from spun alumina-silica-chromia fiber, Cerachrome Blanket is wellsuited for hot face lining applications where higher temperatures areencountered, such as soaking pit covers, reheat and forging furnaces.Cerachrome Blanket with its chromia-stabilized chemistry offers improvedlong term shrinkage characteristics over zirconia containing blanketssuch as Cerachem. Cerachrome Blanket effectively fills the gap betweenzirconia blankets and high alumina products.

II. Fire Resistant Glass

Fire resistant glass is one of the most important safety glass.Coefficient expansion of thermal expansion of the glass is extremelylow. It could resist much thermal shock caused by extreme temperaturegradient across the glass between fire exposed and non-fire exposedsides. Glass becomes molten but does not break under high temperatureand high temperature gradient. It remains its integrity to keep awayblaze, smoke and fume. This wire free fire resistant glass performs anyone, two or three of following characteristics depending on Class andGrade.

-   -   It remains its integrity for a certain period of time. It refers        to the time the glass remains intact in a fire    -   It forms a strong radiation barrier that prevents fire from        spreading. It refers to amount the glass prevents heat emission        permeate to non-exposed side.    -   It is heat insulation to prevent heat flux or high temperature        at non-fire side. It refers to amount the glass restricts the        temperature rise on non-fire side.

All of these are significant contribute to evacuation of fire scene, thework of fire fighters and rescuers.

Class

Fire resistant glass is classified into three categories:

-   -   Class A fire-resistant glass is a kind of fireproof glass with        fireproof integrity and fireproof heat insulation.    -   Class B fire-resistant glass is a kind of fireproof glass with        fireproof integrity and heat emission intensity.    -   Class C fire-resistant glass is a kind of fireproof glass with        fireproof integrity.

Grade

The three classes of fire-resistant glasses are further classified intoGrade I, Grade II, Grade III and Grade IV according to various levels ofprotection which is measured in terms of Integrity, Radiation andInsulation. The Table interpreting Class Vs Grade Vs Time is just forreference. Glass resists more than 90 min (could be as high as 180min.), is classified into higher levels. There are also Classes E and EIwhich perform much better and are more safety for fire protection.

Class Grade I Grade II Grade III Grade IV A 90 min. 60 min. 45 min. 30min. B 90 min. 60 min. 45 min. 30 min. C 90 min. 60 min. 45 min. 30 min.

Glass Configuration: 1. Monolithic Fire Resistant Glass

Monolithic glass is single pane. This fire protective glass blocksflames, fumes and smoke but not heat radiation. Its advantages are:

-   -   As it is not wired or laminated, it stays clear at all times        during fire accident so that evacuation and putting out fire        could be carried out properly. Clear fire resistant glass offer        transparent alternative to solid brick walls.    -   It is thermal shock proof and resists to cold, heat, solar        irradiation and humidity.    -   This high strengthened fire resistant glass is 3 to 5 times        stronger than thermal temper glass.    -   Various glass thickness of monolithic fire resistant glass is        available.    -   Monolithic fire resistant glass is light. Framework is cheaper.        Mounting and installation is easier at lower cost.    -   It is easily upgraded to several types of fire resistant glass        such as reflective coated fire resistance glass, insulated fire        resistant glass, laminated fire resistant glass and energy save        fire resistant glass, etc.

There are several types of monolithic fire rated glazing reachingdifferent classes and grades of fire resistance.

2. Chemically Strengthened Glass

Soda lime glass is always chemically strengthened to improve its thermalstability and internal strength. Then glass is thermally tempered byconventional tempering furnace by air quenching to it turn into Class Cmonolithic fire resistant glass. Xinology FR series fire resistantproduction system is used to carry out this process to produce Class Cfire resistant glass.

3. Metallic Coated Glass

Glass could be metallic coated on both sides to reflect away heat andminimize the possibility of thermal shock. Monolithic fire resistantglass performs consistent regardless of fire attack direction.

4. Borosilicate Glass

Borosilicate glass is excellent in heat proof. It has also very lowcoefficient of thermal expansion to resist thermal shock. Borosilicateglass is generally fully thermal tempered upgraded to fire resistantglass.

5. Glass Ceramic

It is a special composition of glass and ceramic with excellent thermalshock and heat insulation.

III. Fire-Smoke Protection Curtain

Curtain systems are a modern alternative to conventional systems such asfire protection doors, gates and windows. With a curtain system,unreinforced openings will remain entirely useable and perfectlysecured. Curtain systems can be fully integrated in the existingbuilding concept. Due to the compact layout of the system, the fields ofapplication are almost limitless.

The intuitive technology, the high-quality materials and the reliableconstruction allow an easy installation and low-maintenance operation.

Most of the time, fire smoke is a much more dangerous hazard than thefire itself. Smoke can spread quickly and silently within a building,transporting heat and therefore supporting the expansion of the fire.Just a few breaths could lead to deadly intoxication. Smoke curtains caneffectively counteract the spreading of fire smoke and therefore livescan be saved.

A smoke curtain is a much better choice in such situations. In generalcases, the system is rolled up and enables the unimpeded passing of thepassage. The curtain only drops in case of an emergency and builds anenclosed space according to the required security targets. Usability andfire protection are perfectly combined. With a two-stage drop, it ispossible to pass the curtain system before it is totally closed.

Benefits

-   -   No obstruction of passages    -   Compact and lightweight layout    -   Seamless integration in the building design    -   Easy installation and low-maintenance operation

Modern fire protection concepts demand high standards from buildings andsecurity systems. Owing to their flexibility and ability to easilycombine fire protection technology and architectural design, curtainsystems will be increasingly used.

Curtain systems can be configured for various applications. They can beused to actively control occurring combustion gases to create a steadyspace enclosure or establish an isolating heat barrier.

Fields of Application

-   -   Airports, subway stations    -   Community buildings, schools    -   Industrial buildings, warehouses    -   Universities and laboratories

IV. Fire Resistant Cable

In all fire disasters, fire smoke, heat and toxic fumes are the mainobstacles to safe evacuation of a building or area. A major contributiontowards overcoming these hazards is the use of fire resistant andnon-halogenated cables. These cables provided the following features:

-   -   Fire resistance    -   Long-term circuit integrity in a fire    -   Low smoke and toxic gas emissions    -   Flame retardant properties    -   Zero halogen gases    -   Ease and low cost of installation

Fire Resistant cables are used, where required by local fire codes, inthe wiring of:

-   -   Fire resistant safety circuits    -   Public address and emergency voice communication system in        high-rise buildings    -   Control and instrumentation services in industrial, commercial        and residential complexes    -   High-temperature installation conditions

Fire Resistant Cable have been developed to maintain circuit integrityin a fire and to ensure maximum safe evacuation of personnel with nodetrimental effects like toxic gases or smoke. The Fire-Resistant cablesare constructed in the following typical format:

-   -   Stranded Annealed Copper Conductor    -   Mica Tape Fire Resisting Barrier    -   XLEVA-MI/XLPEIEPR/LSOH/PE/PVC as Primary Insulation Material.    -   Flame Retardant LSOH, PVC as Bedding or Sheathing Material.

Fire Resistant cable may be single-core or multi-core constructions. Thecable may be unarmoured, armoured, braided, with or without metallicscreened. The Fire resistant cable may categorized by a letter symbol(e.g. A) or series of symbols (e.g. CWZ) in according to therequirements for fire resistance characteristics which they meet, thetest temperature selected and the duration of the test for resistance tofire alone in according to BS 6387 as below:

Requirement Symbol (I) Resistance to fire alone 650° C. for 3 hours A750° C. for 3 hours B 950° C. for 3 hours C 950° C. for 20 minutes(short duration) S (2) Resistance to fire with water W (3) Resistance tofire with mechanical shock 650° C. X 750° C. Y 950° C. Z

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of this plan is to reduce the damages in intercity traincrash cases to the passengers. In the next phase, if the train catchesfire with the increase in the incident time of smoke and fire enteringto the train, the passenger is required to react appropriately. Thecoupe and the corridor are designed to prevent the fuel, fire, heat andwear from penetrating into the coupe so passengers can have plenty oftime to get out of the train. In addition to sound proof its walls areheat and fire proof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

FIG. 1: General view of the coupe.

FIG. 2: Detail of a sample of top & bottom of wall Joints (Section A-Ain FIG. 1).

FIG. 3: Section view of sliding door (Section B-B in FIG. 1).

FIG. 4: Section view of a sample of wall to glass seal joint (SectionC-C in FIG. 1).

FIG. 5: Detail of a wall with metal sheet curtain.

FIG. 6: Detail of a wall with roller curtain.

FIG. 7: General arrangement for berth sleeper.

FIG. 8: Section view of a coupe with berth sleeper.

FIG. 9: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag (covers head ofpassenger).

FIG. 10: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag for passenger sleepin soldier, freefaller and starfish position (covers all body ofpassenger).

FIG. 11: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag for passenger sleepin foetus, log and yearner position (covers all body of passenger).

FIG. 12: General arrangement of gangway.

FIG. 13: The method of getting off the wagon by a ladder.

FIG. 14: General arrangement for wagon with berth sleeper.

FIG. 15: General arrangement for wagon with seat.

FIG. 16: Section view of a coupe with seat.

FIG. 17: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the side wall andpassenger seated on the seat (cover the entire seat back).

FIG. 18: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the side wall andpassenger seated on the seat in front and side view (cover head ofpassenger).

FIG. 19: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the luggage rackand passenger seated on the seat (covers the entire seat back).

FIG. 20: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the luggage rackand passenger seated on the seat in side view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION I. Invention Objective

The target is to reduce the damages in intercity vehicles crash cases tothe passengers (train and bus), at the first phase. In the next phase,if the vehicle catches fire, with the increase in the incident time ofsmoke and fire spreading to the wagon, the passenger has plenty of timeto react appropriately.

II. Description of Drawings and Parts

FIG. 1: General view of the coupe. This figure is composed of:

-   -   1) Wall of the wagon (coupe side)    -   2) Side wall of the coupe    -   3) Bottom of wagon    -   4) Sliding door of the coupe    -   5) Wall of the coupe (gangway side)    -   6) Fire resistant glass    -   7) Ladder        FIG. 2: Detail of a sample of top & bottom of wall Joints        (Section A-A in FIG. 1). This figure is composed of:    -   3) Bottom of wagon    -   8) High temperature resistant sheet (metal sheet)    -   9) High temperature resistant materials (Ceramic fiber)    -   10) Heat temperature resistant holder    -   11) High temperature sealant tape    -   12) Fuel dam (welded to Bottom of wagon)    -   14) Fire and Fuel Barrier Tape        FIG. 3: Section view of sliding door (Section B-B in FIG. 1).        This figure is composed of:    -   3) Bottom of wagon    -   8) High temperature resistant sheet (metal sheet)    -   9) High temperature resistant materials (Ceramic fiber)    -   15) Wheel of the sliding door    -   16) Pin of the wheel    -   17) Flexible intumescent tape    -   18) Rail of the sliding door (Fixed to Bottom of wagon)        FIG. 4: Section view of a sample of wall to glass seal joint        (Section C-C in FIG. 1). This figure is composed of:    -   6) Fire resistant glass    -   8) High temperature resistant sheet (metal sheet)    -   9) High temperature resistant materials (Ceramic fiber)    -   19) Intumescent fire glass seals        FIG. 5: Detail of a wall with metal sheet curtain. This figure        is composed of:    -   6) Fire resistant glass    -   8) High temperature resistant sheet (metal sheet)    -   9) High temperature resistant materials (Ceramic fiber) 19)        Intumescent fire glass seals 20) Sliding metal sheet 21) Guide        rail 22) Heat insulation handles        FIG. 6: Detail of a wall with roller curtain. This figure is        composed of:    -   6) Fire resistant glass    -   8) High temperature resistant sheet (metal sheet)    -   9) High temperature resistant materials (Ceramic fiber)    -   19) Intumescent fire glass seals    -   21) Guide rail    -   22) Heat insulation handles    -   23) Box    -   40) Fire smoke curtain        FIG. 7: General arrangement for berth sleeper. This figure is        composed of:    -   25) Berth sleeper    -   26) Seat belt    -   27) Safety belt    -   48) Airbag location (embedded on the wall)    -   30-4) Airbag guide rails    -   6) Fire resistant glass        FIG. 8: Section view of a coupe with berth sleeper. This figure        is composed of:    -   25) Berth sleeper    -   26) Seat belt    -   27) Safety belt    -   28) Soft cover to protect the passenger    -   29) Passenger compartment        FIG. 9: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag (covers head        of passenger). This figure is composed of:    -   25) Berth sleeper    -   26) Seat belt    -   30-1) First stage airbag    -   30-2) Second stage airbags    -   30-3) Rupture disc    -   30-4) Airbag guide rails        FIG. 10: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag for        passenger sleep in soldier, freefaller and starfish position        (airbag covers all body of passenger). This figure is composed        of:    -   25) Berth sleeper    -   26) Seat belt    -   30-1) First stage airbag    -   30-2) Second stage airbags    -   30-3) Rupture disc    -   30-5) Gas flow path    -   46) Passenger's weight    -   47) Reaction force applied from airbags to passenger        FIG. 11: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag for        passenger sleep in foetus, log and yearner position (airbag        covers all body of passenger). This figure is composed of:    -   25) Berth sleeper    -   26) Seat belt    -   46) Passenger's weight    -   47) Reaction force applied from airbags to passenger        FIG. 12: General arrangement of gangway. This figure is composed        of:    -   6) Fire resistant glass    -   31) Wall of the wagon (gangway side)    -   32) Sliding window with fire resistant glass    -   33) Sliding window opener electric motor    -   34) Fire-smoke curtain device    -   35) Head box    -   36) Winding shaft with motor unit    -   37) Control unit    -   38) Side guides    -   39) Bottom bar    -   11) High temperature sealant tape attached to bottom bar    -   40) Multi-piece fire smoke curtain    -   41) Roof hatch    -   42) Air exhaust pipe    -   50) Spring steel strip attached to fire smoke curtain    -   51) Magnet    -   24) Fire-smoke detector        FIG. 13: The method of getting off the wagon by ladder.        FIG. 14: General arrangement for wagon with berth sleeper. This        figure is composed of:    -   25) Berth sleeper    -   45) Gangway    -   34) Fire-smoke curtain device        FIG. 15: General arrangement for wagon with seat. This figure is        composed of:    -   45) Gangway    -   34) Fire-smoke curtain device    -   43) Seat        FIG. 16: Section view of a coupe with seat. This figure is        composed of:    -   26) Seat belt    -   43) Seat    -   44) Seat slider rail    -   53) Bus luggage rack        FIG. 17: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the side        wall and passenger seated on the seat (covers the entire seat        back). This figure is composed of:    -   48) Airbag location (embedded on the side wall)    -   49) Airbag location (embedded on the seat back)    -   52-1) First step of seat airbag    -   52-2) Second step of seat airbag    -   52-3) Rupture disc    -   52-4) Locker airbag        FIG. 18: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the side        wall and passenger seated on the seat in front and side view        (covers head of passenger). This figure is composed of:    -   43) Seat    -   52-1) First step of seat airbag    -   52-2) Second step of seat airbag    -   52-3) Rupture disc    -   52-5) Gas flow path        FIG. 19: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the        luggage rack and passenger seated on the seat (covers the entire        seat back). This figure is composed of:    -   52-1) First step of seat airbag    -   53) Bus luggage rack    -   54) Airbag location (embedded on the luggage rack)    -   55) Rubber band        FIG. 20: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the        luggage rack and passenger seated on the seat in side view. This        figure is composed of:    -   52-1) First step of seat airbag    -   52-2) Second step of seat airbag    -   53) Bus luggage rack    -   56) Forces applied to abdomen of passenger to keep the passenger        in place

III. Description of the Invention

According to the FIG. 1, each wagon is composed of a plurality of coupesand a gangway. Each coupe is composed of these major parts:

-   -   Side walls    -   Side wall of the wagon    -   Gangway side walls    -   Roof of the wagon    -   Ladder    -   Heating-cooling system    -   Seats or berth sleeper    -   Manual fire-smoke curtains    -   Airbags    -   Airbag inflation system

Gangway is composed of these major parts:

-   -   Fire-smoke detectors    -   Control unit    -   Automatic-manual fire-smoke curtains    -   Sliding windows    -   Air roof hatches along with an exhaust fans

That each part is explained on the following:

1) Side Walls:

The side walls are made up of two metal plates, the gap between which isfilled with fire-resistant materials such as rock wool or ceramic fiber.The jointing of the walls together or to the floor of the coupe issealed by high temperature sealant tape so this layer prevents fuelleakage into the coupe.

2) Side Wall of the Wagon:

This wall is common between coupes and wagon and does not absorb heat,and responds extremely well to fire. Beside it is soundproof it does notcontribute to the development or the propagation of fire. This wall ismade up of the materials resistant to high temperature and sound. Itincludes a window with a fire resistant glass and a manual fire-smokecurtain. Experts designed the wall with no common glass between thecoupes, and the gap between the glass and the side walls does not allowthe fire to transmit through the window to the side coupe.

3) Gangway Side Walls:

The side wall of the gangway consists of two fixed parts with somewindows and a sliding door. The wall of the gangway of the coupe, likeits side walls, has been made of two metal plates filled with refractorymaterials such as rock wool or fiber ceramics.

Also, wagons are equipped with fire resistant glass and given that theglass can be crushed due to accidents, behind the windows there aremanual fire-smoke curtains or Sliding metal sheet. Passenger can closeit immediately that prevents fire and smoke from entering to the coupe(FIG. 5 and FIG. 6).

The outer surface of the side wall of the gangway is covered withintumescent coatings. It reduces the heat transfer rate to the coupeduring fire. In crashes due to impact or overturning of the walls, theremay be a gap between the walls of the coupe and the bottom. A flexiblefire and fuel barrier tape is used to prevent fire and smoke fromentering the coupe.

To prevent smoke from entering from the sliding door, flexibleintumescent tapes are used, which swells during a fire and fills the gapbetween the door and the span and prevents the smoke from entering thecoupe. In order to prevent fuel penetration from the entrance door, therail of the sliding door with a height of 30 mm is designed as shown inFIG. 3, as well as flexible intumescent tapes.

4) Roof of the Wagon:

The roof is coated with a layer of soft, high temperature resistant,soundproofed or airbag materials that could cause less damage to thepassenger in the event of overturning of the train and collision of thepassenger with the roof of the coupe.

5) Ladder:

Ladders are used for passenger climbing for second or third floor beds.Also, during an accident, passenger can break the window and by theladder get off from the coupe (FIG. 13).

6) Cooling-Heating Ventilation System:

Cooling/heating ventilation system in each coupe is independent of othercoupes or gangways, so during fire smoke from other coupes or gangwaysdoes not penetrate the coupe.

7) Berth Sleeper:

The material used in the berth sleeper is resistant to high temperature.Berth sleeper airbags are designed to protect the passenger's head andbody while the passenger is asleep in the berth sleeper, which inflatesin the event of a rollover accident. These airbags are multi-stages. Inthe first stage, the airbag inflates along the berth sleeper and coversthe head or the whole body of the passenger (FIG. 9I). In order to bearthe passenger weight during a head on collision accident the safety beltis used as support for first stage or the airbag inflates along theguide rails and the guide rails used as support. In the second stage,the guiding airbag inflates to take the passenger's head in the middleof the airbag (FIG. 9II). In this type of airbag, when the wagon istilted, the passenger's weight load is applied to the shoulders of thepassenger and a lesser force is applied to the neck and head of him/her(FIG. 10 and FIG. 11). This airbag along with berth sleeper can protectthe passenger's head against the impact applied from left, right, front,back and up.

To save the passenger of severe injuries in heavy accidents, seat beltsare installed on the bed in order to keep the passenger in place. Softcovers are also mounted on the side walls of the coupe and below theupper bed so that the passengers can receive less damage by creating asoft compartment around them in the case of overturning the wagon andpassenger's collision with walls or under the upper bed. This berthsleeper airbag can be used in heavy truck sleeper cabs too.

8) Seat:

In FIG. 15, an overview of the wagon is shown with the seat arrangement.These seats are capable to move along the slider rails (FIG. 16). Seatairbags are designed to protect head and upper limb of the passengerwhile sitting on the seat. These airbags are embedded on the side wallof the cabin or on the edge of the seat back or on the luggage rack.These airbags are multi-stages. Each type of seat airbag is explained onthe following:

Airbags Embedded on the Side Wall of the Cabin or on the Edge of theSeat Back:

in the first stage, the support airbag inflates (FIG. 17 II) and in thesecond stage, the guiding airbag inflates and covers the head and upperlimb of the passenger (FIG. 17 III), and also this airbag along withseat back protects the passenger's head and upper limb against theimpact applied from left, right, front, back and up.

Airbags Embedded on the Luggage Rack:

At the time of the accident, the first stage airbag inflates from up todown and fully cover the upper limb of passenger and the seat back (FIG.20 I) then the second stage airbags inflate and lead the passenger togood situation and keep the passenger in place (FIG. 20 II). At the timeof the wagon is tilted, the second stage airbags apply forces to theshoulders of the passenger and reduce the intensity of forces applied tothe head and neck of the passenger. This airbag along with seat backprotects the passenger's head and upper limb against the impact appliedfrom left, right, front, back and up.

As the airbags inflate, the gas in the airbags, escapes in a controlledmanner through small vent holes then the rubber bands retract theairbags (FIG. 19 III).

According to FIG. 20 II, when the second stage airbags inflate, applyforces to abdomen of the passenger and keep the passenger in place evenif the passenger forget to wear a seat belt. This type of airbag can beused for driver and passenger seats in different vehicles such as car,bus, trailer and etc.

In the following table, airbags specify that protect a part of body indifferent crash test.

25% small Rear offset Airbag Frontal-impact Side impact overlap impactRollover Type Part of body crash test crash test crash test crash testcrash test seat airbag Head of passenger with seat belt 2th airbags 2thairbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags embedded Neck of passengerwith seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbagson the side Upper limb passenger with seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags2th airbags seat back 2th airbags wall Head of passenger without seatbelt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags Neck ofpassenger without seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seatback 2th airbags Upper limb passenger without seat belt 2th airbags 2thairbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags seat airbag Head of passengerwith seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbagsembedded Neck of passenger with seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2thairbags seat back 2th airbags on the roof Upper limb passenger with seatbelt 2th airbags 1th airbag 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags Head ofpassenger without seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seatback 2th airbags Neck of passenger without seat belt 2th airbags 2thairbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags Upper limb passenger withoutseat belt 2th airbags 1th airbag 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags

9) Airbag Inflation System:

It's necessary to inflate second airbag after the first airbags inflatedcompletely, to the berth sleeper airbag and seat airbag properperformance. These airbag inflation systems can be used:

-   -   An airbag inflation system for a unique airbag: the second        airbags coupled to the first airbag and a plurality of rupture        disc placed between the first and second airbags that fail        within an optimal range of gas pressure in the first stage        airbag then the second stage airbags inflate.    -   Multi airbag inflation system for some separate airbags: the        second airbag is separate from the first airbag and a multistage        airbag inflation system that with a short term delay, inflates        the first and second airbags respectively.

The inflation of the airbags in the vehicle is controlled by a centralairbag control unit.

10) The Gangway of the Wagon:

The gangway is the most important route for the passengers to escape atthe time of the incident. The gangway contains fire-smoke curtains andfire-smoke detector, so that when the wagon is fired, smoke quickly doesnot spread into the gangway and allow passengers to leave the wagonthrough the gangway.

In the wall of wagon on the side of the gangway, there are embeddedsliding window with fire resistant glass that is connected to thecontrol unit, and when the fire is detected by the fire-smoke detector,the window opens, so that the smoke exit from the open window in acontrolled manner and do not fill in the gangway. It can also be used toexhausts smoke from the gangway through roof hatch that embedded betweenthe two fire-smoke curtains at the roof of the gangway and exhaust theair in the gangway to outside the wagon (in addition to exhaust the airin the gangway in the normal state, it also takes command from thecontrol unit). Wires and cables used in this wagon are resistant to heatand mechanical shock, and fireproof electrical ducts have been used.

Methods of Opening Curtains are:

-   -   Drop opening method: In this way with the command of the control        unit, the power is removed from the roller motor then gravity        acting on the bottom bar weight makes the curtain drop. This        assumes that the curtain is a gravity drop type, which most        curtains are actually are. This method is not suitable for cases        where the wagon is overturned and the fire occurs.    -   Controlled opening method: In this way with the command of the        control unit, the electromotor is turned on and by applying the        electric motor force on the metal strip, the curtain is opened        along the guide rails. This method, in case of overturning of        the wagon, has the ability to open the anti-fire curtain.

If the curtain is open and the wagon overturns, the magnet on the bottombar will prevent the bar from sliding off the wagon's floor. Anti-smokecurtains are made of some pieces to allow passengers to cross thecurtain. These curtains delay the spread of fire and smoke in thegangway, providing time and space for passengers to leave the wagon.

In FIGS. 15 and 16, general arrangement for wagon with berth sleeper andseat are showed. The target of this invention is to reduce the damagescaused accident to the passengers, at the first phase. In the nextphase, if the vehicle catches fire, with the increase in the incidenttime of smoke and fire spreading to the wagon, the passenger has plentyof time to react appropriately. At the time of the accident, passengersare not able to make appropriate decisions due to accidental shock, sothe necessary training should be given to passengers to know how toreact during and after an accident.

1. A device defining a passenger safe wagon comprising: a plurality ofcoupes that is capable of resisting penetration of fuel and is hightemperature and thermal resistance and comprising; a plurality of seatsor berth sleepers; a heating-cooling system that is separate from othercoupes; a plurality of fire resistant glasses along with fire-smokecurtain; a plurality of seat airbags or berth sleeper airbags; an airbaginflation system; a ladder; a gangway comprising: a plurality offire-smoke detectors; a control unit; a plurality of fire-smokecurtains; a plurality of sliding windows; a plurality of air roofhatches along with an exhaust fan; wherein at the time of the fire, thefire-smoke detectors feed the control unit then the fire curtain willdescend fully and the sliding window will open and the exhaust fan willturn on.
 2. The device according to claim 1, the coupe comprising: firstand second side walls of the coupe that is capable of resistingpenetration of fuel and voice and is high temperature and thermalresistance; a side wall of the wagon that is high temperature andthermal resistance comprising a window with fire resistant glasses alongwith a fire-smoke curtain; a gangway side wall further comprising: firstand second fix walls that is high temperature and thermal resistancecomprising a plurality of windows with fire resistant glasses along witha plurality of fire-smoke curtains; a sliding door of the coupe that ishigh temperature and thermal resistance comprising a window with fireresistant glasses along with a fire-smoke curtain; a floor of the coupe,which is covered with a layer of soft, high temperature resistantmaterials; a bottom of the coupe; wherein walls to floor joints, wallsto roof joints and wall to wall joints are capable of resistingpenetration of fuel, heat and voice.
 3. The device according to claim 1,the fire-smoke curtain device comprising: a head box; a winding shaftpositioned within the head box and defining a centerline axis; anelectric motor coupled to the shaft; a multi-piece and high temperatureresistance curtain rolled around the shaft; first and second springsteel strip coupled to the sides of the curtain; a bottom bar, coupledto the curtain; a plurality of magnets coupled to the bottom bar; a hightemperature sealant tape coupled to bottom bar; first and second guiderails, wherein the curtain and the bottom bar move along the guiderails; wherein the control unit turn on the electric motor and the firecurtain descend fully.
 4. The device according to claim 1, the slidingwindow further comprising: a fire resistant glass; a sliding windowopener electric motor connected to the control unit; wherein thedetector feed the control unit and the control unit opens the slidingwindow.
 5. The device according to claim 1, the berth sleeper furthercomprising: a plurality of seat belts coupled to the sides of the berthsleeper; a safety belt; a plurality of soft cover coupled to the sidesof the coupe and under the top berth sleeper; wherein the berth sleeper,the soft covers, the airbags and the safety belt configure a compartmentdefining a passenger compartment that fully covers a body of passengerand is capable of protecting the passenger from shocks an incident. 6.The device according to claim 1, the seat further comprising: a seatbelt; first and second seat slider rail fixed to the bottom of thewagon.
 7. A device defining a berth sleeper airbag comprising one or aplurality of airbags that is capable of inflating along the berthsleeper and covers all the body or head of a passenger, wherein at thetime of the accident or the wagon is tilted, the airbag inflates alongthe berth sleeper and fully cover the body or head of the passenger andthe airbag apply forces to the shoulders of the passenger and reduce theintensity of forces applied to the head and neck of the passenger whilethe passenger is asleep in the berth sleeper.
 8. The device according toclaim 7, the berth sleeper airbag further comprising: first and secondguide rails coupled to respective berth sleeper sides; wherein theairbag is capable of inflating along the guide rails and covers all thebody of passenger or head of the passenger wherein at the time of theaccident or the wagon is tilted.
 9. The device according to claim 7,further comprising: an airbag defining a first stage airbag and iscapable of inflating along the berth sleeper and covers all the body ofthe passenger or head of passenger; a plurality of airbags definingsecond stage airbags coupled to the first stage airbag and inflate afterthe first stage airbag and lead the passenger to good situation; whereinat the time of the accident or the wagon is tilted, the first stageairbag inflates along the berth sleeper and covers all the body of thepassenger, then the second stage airbags inflate and along with theberth sleeper, fully cover the head of passenger and the second stageairbags apply force to the shoulders of the passenger and reduce theintensity of forces applied to the head and neck of the passenger whilethe passenger is asleep in the berth sleeper.
 10. The device accordingto claim 7, further comprising: the first stage airbag; the second stageairbags coupled to the first stage airbag and inflate after the firststage airbag and lead the passenger to good situation; a plurality ofrupture disc placed between the first stage airbag and the second stageairbags that fail within an optimal range of gas pressure in the firststage airbag then the second stage airbags inflate; wherein at the timeof the accident or the wagon is tilted, the first stage airbag inflatesalong the berth sleeper and covers all the body of the passenger, thenthe second stage airbags inflate and along with the berth sleeper, fullycover the head of passenger and the second stage airbags apply force tothe shoulders of the passenger and reduce the intensity of forcesapplied to the head and neck of the passenger while the passenger isasleep in the berth sleeper.
 11. The device according to claim 7,further comprising: the first stage airbag; the second stage airbagscoupled to the first stage airbag and inflate after the first stageairbag and lead the passenger to good situation; a multistage airbaginflation system that with a short term delay, inflates the first andsecond airbags respectively; wherein at the time of the accident or thewagon is tilted, the first stage airbag inflates along the berth sleeperand covers all the body of the passenger, then the second stage airbagsinflate and along with the berth sleeper, fully cover the head ofpassenger and the second stage airbags apply force to the shoulders ofthe passenger and reduce the intensity of forces applied to the head andneck of the passenger while the passenger is asleep in the berthsleeper.
 12. A device defining a seat airbag comprising one or aplurality of airbags that is capable to cover the upper limb or head ofthe passenger, wherein at the time of the accident, the airbag inflatesalong the seat back and fully covers the upper limb or head of thepassenger along with seat back and keep the passenger in place. at thetime of the wagon is tilted, the airbag applies force to the shouldersof the passenger and reduce the intensity of forces applied to the headand neck of the passenger while seated on the seat.
 13. The deviceaccording to claim 12, further comprising: an airbag defining a firststage airbag coupled to the side wall or to the seat back; a pluralityof airbags defining second stage airbags coupled to the first stageairbag and to the side wall or to the seat back. the second stageairbags inflate after the first stage airbag and cover the upper limb ofthe passenger and also lead the passenger to good situation; wherein atthe time of the accident, the second stage airbags along with the seat,fully cover the head and upper limb of passenger and keep the passengerin place. at the time of the wagon is tilted, the second stage airbagsapply force to the shoulders of the passenger and reduce the intensityof forces applied to the head and neck of the passenger.
 14. The deviceaccording to claim 12, further comprising: the first stage airbagcoupled to the side wall or to the seat back; the second stage airbagscoupled to the first stage airbag and to the side wall or to the seatback. the second stage airbags inflate after the first stage airbag andcover the upper limb of the passenger and also lead the passenger togood situation; a plurality of airbags defining locker airbags coupledto the second stage airbags and inflate after the second airbags andlock the first and second stage airbags to the seat; a plurality ofrupture disc placed between the first stage airbag and second stageairbags and the locker airbags that fail within an optimal range of gaspressure in the first and second stage airbags then the second stageairbags or the locker airbags inflate; wherein at the time of theaccident, the second stage airbags along with the seat, fully cover thehead and upper limb of passenger and keep the passenger in place. at thetime of the wagon is tilted, the second stage airbags apply force to theshoulders of the passenger and reduce the intensity of forces applied tothe head and neck of the passenger.
 15. The device according to claim12, further comprising: the first stage airbag coupled to the side wallor to the seat back; the second stage airbags coupled to the first stageairbag and to the side wall or to the seat back. the second stageairbags inflate after the first stage airbag and cover the upper limb ofthe passenger and also lead the passenger to good situation; amultistage airbag inflation system that with a short term delay,inflates the first and second airbags respectively; wherein at the timeof the accident, the second stage airbags along with the seat, fullycover the head and upper limb of passenger and keep the passenger inplace. at the time of the wagon is tilted, the second stage airbagsapply force to the shoulders of the passenger and reduce the intensityof forces applied to the head and neck of the passenger.
 16. The deviceaccording to claim 12, further comprising: an airbag defining a firststage airbag coupled to the luggage rack or roof of the wagon. the firststage airbag inflates along the seat back and cover the upper limb ofthe passenger and the seat back; a plurality of airbags defining secondstage airbags coupled to the first stage airbag and inflate after thefirst stage airbag and lead the passenger to good situation; a pluralityof rubber bands coupled to the first stage airbag; wherein at the timeof the accident, the first stage airbag inflates from up to down andfully cover the upper limb of passenger and the seat back then thesecond stage airbags inflate and lead the passenger to good situationand keep the passenger in place. at the time of the wagon is tilted, thesecond stage airbags apply force to the shoulders of the passenger andreduce the intensity of forces applied to the head and neck of thepassenger and the rubber bands retract the airbags after the accident.17. The device according to claim 12, further comprising: an airbagdefining a first stage airbag coupled to the luggage rack or roof of thewagon. the first stage airbag inflates along the seat back and cover theseat back and the upper limb of the passenger; a plurality of airbagsdefining second stage airbags coupled to the first stage airbag and leadthe passenger to good situation; a plurality of rupture disc placedbetween the first stage airbag and second stage airbags that fail withinan optimal range of gas pressure in the first stage airbags then thesecond stage airbags inflate; a plurality of rubber bands coupled to thefirst stage airbag; wherein at the time of the accident, the first stageairbag inflates from up to down and fully cover the upper limb ofpassenger and the seat back then the second stage airbags inflate andlead the passenger to good situation and keep the passenger in place. atthe time of the wagon is tilted, the second stage airbags apply force tothe shoulders of the passenger and reduce the intensity of forcesapplied to the head and neck of the passenger and the rubber bandsretract the airbags after the accident.
 18. The device according toclaim 12, further comprising: an airbag defining a first stage airbagcoupled to the luggage rack or roof of the wagon. the first stage airbaginflates along the seat back and cover the upper limb of the passengerand the seat back; a plurality of airbags defining second stage airbagscoupled to the first stage airbag and lead the passenger to goodsituation; a multistage airbag inflation system that with a short termdelay, inflates the first and second airbags respectively; a pluralityof rubber bands coupled to the first stage airbag; wherein at the timeof the accident, the first stage airbag inflates from up to down andfully cover the upper limb of passenger and the seat back then thesecond stage airbags inflate and lead the passenger to good situationand keep the passenger in place. at the time of the wagon is tilted, thesecond stage airbags apply force to the shoulders of the passenger andreduce the intensity of forces applied to the head and neck of thepassenger and the rubber bands retract the airbags after the accident.